Maternal Maltreatment Facialabuse [upd]

By adolescence, these children often:

: It creates a psychological distance between women and healthcare providers, often leading to lower satisfaction and a reluctance to seek facility-based care in the future. maternal maltreatment facialabuse

Facial abuse uniquely harms beyond physical scars: By adolescence, these children often: : It creates

: The use of harsh, rude language , judgmental comments, shouting, or threats of poor outcomes for the mother or baby. forced feeding that injures the face/mouth

Note: "Facial abuse" here refers to physical maltreatment directed at an infant’s or child's face (slaps, punches, pinching, forced feeding that injures the face/mouth, pulling hair/ears, or other actions causing facial injury), and includes related acts of degrading or shaming gestures focused on the face (e.g., forced exposure, humiliation) when relevant to psychological harm.